For example, if the nickel ore has a high moisture content or a high proportion of fine particles, it may have a lower stowage factor, as the cargo can become more compact and take up less space. Conversely, if the nickel ore has a low moisture content and a high proportion of larger particles, it may have a higher stowage factor.

Nickel Ore Cargo from the Philippines. The potential danger from a cargo of nickel ore liquefying can not be stressed enough, tragically high-lighted by the unnecessary loss of life onboard three vessels which sank in late 2010, two in late 2011, one early 2015 and recently late 2017.

Nickel ore refers to the naturally occurring rocks or minerals that contain significant amounts of nickel. Nickel is a chemical element with the symbol Ni and atomic number 28. It is a silvery-white metal with a relatively high melting point and excellent corrosion resistance. Nickel is commonly found in the Earth's crust, but it is typically extracted from its …

DMT is a term used to identify the volume of the total mined commodity after its moisture level content — at an inherent 35 percent — has been decreased. A 'strong year' for nickel industry Meanwhile, Bravo also said Indonesia's planned nickel ore export ban from 2020 to 2022 will likely increase demand for Philippine nickel ore.

Intercargo has reported that nickel ore is now the deadliest dry bulk commodity that we ship by sea. As a cargo that turns to slurry during a voyage, nickel ore causes many vessels to capsize ...

Nickel ore varies in colour. There are several types of ore of variable particle size and moisture content. Some may contain clay-like ores. For concentrates, see NICKEL CONCENTRATE. ... Bilge wells shall be clean, dry and covered as appropriate, to prevent ingress of the cargo. The bilge system of a cargo space to which this cargo is to be ...

"Cargo Care Checklist: Nickel Ore" #2 Cargo Care Checklist: Grain. Hold preparation is a major step, unless otherwise stated in shipper's or charterers voyage instructions. The National Cargo Bureau's definition of grain clean is as follows: Compartments are to be completely clean, dry, odour-free, and gas-free. All loose scale is to be ...

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PT Vale has installed a CNA Pentos at the kiln feed to track the blend of West Block and East Block dry ore. It monitors the kiln feed to ensure that the level of nickel in the dry kiln product is maintained at ∼1.91%. The CNA Pentos also includes moisture calibration to enable PT Vale to track moisture content in the kiln feed. Figure 3.

nickel operation processes the ore into a nickel matte product. The ore is dried in one of three rotary dryers before being passed through to the kilns. The dry ore, as well as any additives introduced in the kilns, is then smelted in the furnaces to produce the nickel product.

This paper describes a microwave transmission instrument exhibiting high stability and dynamic range, suitable for moisture measurement in iron ore and mineral concentrates.

NI notes that although 'can tests' can be used by crew to validate suspicions* that the moisture content of the ore may be above thecertified TML, the oven drying test should be done in a laboratory.The Intercargo guide for transporting nickel ore, published in 2012,states: Where there is doubt concerning any cargo declarationinformation, or suspicion that the cargo …

For these reasons, nickel ore has been described as 'the world's most dangerous cargo'. Nickel ore is a cargo that may liquefy if the Moisture Content (MC) exceeds the Transportable Moisture Limit (TML). The point at …

"Under certain conditions [fine particle cargo, containing high levels of moisture], nickel ore may become like a semi-solid or liquid, in a process termed as liquefaction.

moisture content of the cargo shall be conducted by shippers to ensure that the material is still in a safe state to load. Moisture Content Determination The in-homogeneity of lateritic nickel ore means that the proportion of the fine clay-like and larger stone-like fractions in different samples can vary significantly. As the clay material

• 300 million dry metric tons ('dmt '), with an average grade of 1.22% nickel and ... geologists as well as sample preparation and moisture determination ... Determination of Moisture Content of Garnieritic Nickel Ore, 1996 High confidence in the laboratory analyses results are supported by rigorous quality assurance and quality control ...

typical moisture content of about ten per cent, whereas nickel ore often has a moisture content in the range of twenty-five to forty per cent. Several recent expert reports emphasise …

Shipowners, operators and charterers should exercise extreme care when dealing with nickel ore, and Intercargo and would like to re-iterate the importance of using the correct techniques when testing cargo, an d strongly advocates the use of an independent cargo surveyor to check and report both the TML and the actual moisture content prior to loading.

When the ore contains much higher copper content than nickel content, this process can be used to separate copper into a separate concentrate. ... Among nickel oxide ore, nickel laterite has high iron …

with high moisture content from Malaysia and one vessel with bauxite from Malaysia. It was with such reasons in mind that the IG clubs issued a circular in 2012 requiring members to notify …

understand the risks associated with the carriage of nickel ore cargoes. Members are also referred to Club Circular No. 06/11, Indonesia and The Philippines: Safe Carriage of Nickel Ore Cargoes, of January 28, 2011, which also provides detailed advice in regard to the carriage of nickel ore and other bulk cargoes prone to liquefaction.

These three rotary dryers at their Sorowako site are used for drying nickel ore from a high moisture content to a target moisture content for further processing downstream. The dryers employ dual fuel burners where Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) is used during start-ups, and Pulverised Coal (PC) for normal operations. ...

A copy of the Guide is attached hereto with the kind permission of INTERCARGO. It aims to help masters, ship operators and other industry stakeholders understand the risks associated with …

The results have shown disparities of up to 10% in moisture content, while experts believe that the analysis protocol that is conducted locally for the determination of the moisture content and Flow Moisture Point …

Nickel is an important strategic resource and has become a key material for the development of the modern aerospace and defense industries, as well as infrastructure and technology [1, 2].It is widely used in nickel-based alloy, stainless steel, alloy steel, electroplating, and battery industries [3, 4].At present, the global nickel reserves are about 113 million tons, …

Best practice. The liquefaction of nickel ore during shipment can be attributed to two key factors, the moisture content of the cargo and the rolling and pitching of the vessel during the voyage. These factors, one internal and the other external, are both necessary …

Taeda laterite nickle ore dryer can be used to dry ore materials with 25% internal and external moisture like laterite, red clay, nickle ore, and bauxite ore. It is suitable for large scale continuous drying work. Aimed at bound water and easy caking features, Taeda team makes special design for gauranteening good drying effect.

A s explained, the Philippines is one of the largest exporters of nickel ore. Concerns have been voiced by various industry bodies regarding the reliability of cargo declarations, certificates of Transportable Moisture Limit (TML), and Moisture Content (MC), for nickel ore cargoes originating from the Philippines.

To avoid such challenges, a drying step is therefore critical, removing the free moisture so that nickel can be beneficiated from the ore. Drying, which may also be referred to as dewatering in this context, typically brings the moisture content down to around 5-8%, though in some cases it may be as high as 20%.

The Need for Nickel Laterite Dryers. While drying is a common first step in many mineral processing operations, it is essential when it comes to laterites, which are typically surface mined in the tropics and can contain up to 30% moisture. ¹. …